Innovative Technology Developing Its Product-Myasignmenthelp.Com

Question: Clarify Innovative Technology Developing Its Product? Answer: Presentation: Amazon is a U.S.A based organization that manages electronic exchanging and distributed computing. Jeff Bezos in Seattle, Washington propelled it on fifth day of July 1994 (AMZN Company Profile Executives - Amazon.com Inc. - Wall Street Journal 2017). In the underlying stage, Amazon was fundamentally managed online book shop. Later on, it was extended its business in different fields like Blue-beams, music player, video downloading, home dcor, food and drinks, adornments, etc. Purchaser dependable hardware like fuel tablets and fire tablets were additionally created by the organization (Wulff, Hills and Hertwig 2015). Amazon has diverse business site fourteen nations including nations like United States, United realm, India, Australia, Japan, China, France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Brazil and Mexico. Amazon logo uncovered the companys business nature as it is planned with a bended bolt started with a to z. Amazon has concentrated on imaginative innovation and building up its item reference step by step. The item rundown of this organization incorporates media like books, music players, video, shopper item, home dcor, mechanical and logical things, kitchen items, different sorts of instruments, merchandise identified with sports, types of gear, games including each conceivable basic product (Hann, Ogneva, and Ozbas 2013). Amazon has purchased numerous locales, for example, wag.com, woot.com, Zappos.com in the year 2010. According to the market enumeration in 2016, Amazon positioned as fourth most important open organization in the globe with its most conspicuous offer and administration (Sorokina and Cantu-Paz 2016). The focal point of convergence of this report is to portray the different parts of Amazon Company. This report additionally features the essential origination on Baconian technique, structure investigation of Amazon Company and the separating procedure of Amazon. Conversation: Bacons strategy: Francis Bacon was a conspicuous researcher in United Kingdom (Rossi 2013). He had served his nation as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. Bacon is known as the dad of induction. His work depended on basic thinking and cautious investigation cum perception of occasions. He underscored the likelihood of logical information. The strategy made by Francis Bacon is an insightful investigation on present day science (Bacon 2013). As per him, an efficient perception is important to discover the quality realities. Bacon figures the investigation of nature and his idea depended on exact information, which is established in the regular world. With his hypothesis, Beckon attempted to defeat scholarly bar. He restricted to the way of thinking of Aristotle. The hypothesis of Beckon is fundamentally founded on normal law and a profound perception with respect to it. Francis Beckon has created three fundamental space of induction. They are realities, proof and examination. Francis Beck on has recorded his work in his book Novum Organum (Bacon 2016). His examination advanced with common science and he attempted to research it with a methodology of logical strategy. Bacons strategy is the establishment of new age logical exploration. In his hypothesis, there is a concurrence of nature and science. Bacons thought contrasted with the possibility of researcher. Bacon unexpectedly uncovered that logical advancement could be conceivable by keeping up the characteristic way of thinking. Bacons reasoning was abundantly respected by the then individuals and they began to use the nature for productive addition. This causes a renaissance and the way of life of western culture has significantly changed. Structure of Amazon: A corporate structure means the plan and procedure of connection and correspondence among its individuals (Rothaermel 2015). The structure of Amazon discovers the operational exercises of chiefs in the field of different business fragments. Amazon is one of the top retail stages. Along these lines, it is essential to the organization to hold a decent authoritative structure to keep up its notoriety in the market. Satisfactory structure would give Amazon an expanding market capital. The structure of Amazon can be arranged into three sections: worldwide capacity based gatherings, worldwide order and geographic divisions (Delgado-Ratto 2014). The best capacity of all driving business association is its structure of capacity based gatherings. Amazon isn't an exemption. Capacity based structure assists with encouraging business activity. The hierarchical structure of Amazon included the workplace of the CEO, division of advancement program identifying with business, a solid money related structure, with an expectation to manage shopper business globally, to keep up a decent bookkeeping procedure and buyer business and to propagate lawful and secretariat. Pecking order is one of the customary attributes from the perspective on institutional component. It assists with communicating the substance of worldwide framework from the part of order to impact the online method of retail firm. Order intends to provide an authoritative request. For an occasion, the orders given by the ranking directors are pertinent to the organization, regardless of its branches. It assists with disentangling the administrative command over the whole association of Amazon. Amazon is one of the greatest retail gateways on the planet. It has distinctive business site in different nations. Therefore, geographic divisions are additionally incorporates inside the auxiliary qualities of Amazon. It assists with dealing with the online business all through the world. It assists with understanding the local interest of a state as it is not the same as one state to another and it is imperative to meet all the necessity of a client if there should be an occurrence of work the business easily. Amazon has isolated its geographic division in two sections, North American zone and worldwide zone (Alden et al. 2016). The corporate structure of Amazon is steady in nature. In view of reasonable structure, Amazon has accomplished universes fourth most significant open organization in the year 2016. The capacity based gathering and chain of command structure carries Amazon to execute fast and powerful administrative orders. Geographic divisions likewise help to concentrate on the online retail program in specific locales referenced in this. The executives of Amazon: Amazon maintains its business from an unmatched way of thriving by the help of an accomplished supervisory crew (Teece 2017). It gets one of the predominant organizations that qualified to distributed computing administration. Jeff Bezos was the organizer of the organization and he is the administrator of the governing body of Amazon. The organization has accomplished such an incredible situation for his enormous exertion. Be that as it may, Chief Executive Officer, Director, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Technology Officer oversee Amazon (AMZN Company Profile Executives - Amazon.com Inc. - Wall Street Journal 2017). The principle capacity of the Chief Executive Officer of Amazon is to care for the vital just as operational jobs of the organization. The cardinal obligation of a CEO is to recognize the best possible market for Amazon, to guarantee the powerful utilization of the assets of the organization, expansion of different procedures in the domain of association, and masterminding gatherings to talk about different issues identifying with the companys advertise issues. Jeff Bezos is the CEO of Amazon. Investors of an organization might be alluded as an individual from the company (Collision et al. 2014). These investors choose the executive of an organization. Chiefs are taken an interest in the gathering that sorted out by the governing body. One of the significant capacities by the chief of an organization is to deal with the budget summaries and administration issues. Executive of Amazon likewise speak with the clients and colleagues to make new arrangements and affiliation. Daniel P. Huttenlocher and Wendell P. weeks are the chiefs of Amazon. To work an organization like Amazon easily, it is imperative to deal with its money related program in a methodical manner. CFO of Amazon does this capacity. He gives successful budgetary asset to the genuine improvement of Amazon. He needs to care for the arrangement like assessment, bookkeeping, speculator relations, and monetary arranging. Brian Olsavsky is named as the Chief Financial Officer of Amazon in the year 2015. Boss Technology Officer of Amazon cares for the innovative perspectives just as the specialized activity inside the corporate premises of the organization. He presents his report straightforwardly to the CEO. Warner Vogels is the CTO of Amazon. Difficulties looked by Amazon: The facts demonstrate that Amazon is the greatest accomplishment in the field of online retail segment. It has extended its business in fourteen distinct nations with various web-based interfaces. Being a mammoth retail organization, desire from Amazon is additionally cheerful like sky. Numerous a period it has been seen that Amazon couldn't meet all the desire for its client. Amazon has numerous rivals in showcase (Ramirez-Gomez et al. 2015). The most critical opponents are Alibaba gathering, eBay, Microsoft Corporation, Facebook Inc., Wal-Mart that make nonstop market pressure and because of that, Amazon had to build its market cost in different perspectives. That could be a test to the organization in not so distant future. Amazon has taken another enhancement procedure from the point of view of hazard the board. Lamentably, Amazon has neglected to take fundamental procedure with respect to it. This can assist Amazon with moving endlessly from its unique track and center capability. Amazons free transportation methodology can be perilous if there should arise an occurrence of losing its edges, which can't be advanced on cost (Hua, Hou and Bian 2016). Amazon has taken certain measures to develop and reshape client experience. In spite of the fact that the organization has increased gigantic accomplishment through it, in 2012 had experienced immense misfortune, as Pets.com turned into the greatest website flood. Amazon is an online retail entrance. Perhaps the greatest test looked by Amazon is digital hacking that leaves its client dat

How to Boost Engagement on Your Facebook Page

Step by step instructions to Boost Engagement on Your Facebook Page On the off chance that you as of now have a Facebook profile, you might be asking why you would even need a Facebook writer page. Heres my answer: Facebook profiles are for individuals. They are a setting to associate with companions and colleagues to share data about your lives. A Facebook profile can’t be utilized to advertise organizations or items, for example, your books and workshops. On a Facebook writer page, you can advertise your books, advance your readings and workshops, and inform fans about your limited costs and Goodreads giveaways. So, this is the place you can convey significant substance that your fans will need to know just as advance books and different items and administrations you may offer. What's more, a Facebook page will assist you with building your image, connect with your perusers, and improve your internet searcher results, which thusly will support deals of your books and participation at your workshops. Here are a portion of my preferred tips for expanding offers and Likes on my page. 1. Concentrate on creating quality substance, composing short posts (80 to 190 characters), and continually including pictures that are brilliant, novel, and convincing. 2. React rapidly to your fans’ remarks, advance their distributing victories, and simply appreciate the experience. 3. Parity the unremarkable with the significant. Charming little cat pictures are everyday while presents with joins on strong substance are significant notices. I balance my page 4. Rigging your messages towards your crowd. In the event that your crowd cherishes YA books, don’t post data about artistic fiction. Keep to the points they care about. 5. Utilize heavenly pictures. Facebook clients love them. 6. Post recordings. They are well known on Facebook. 7. Trial with your posts, study your Insights †Facebook’s free scientific component †and realize what works best for your crowd. What works best on your Facebook page?

Sophomore Year--Touring Colleges TKG

Sophomore Year--Touring Colleges Sophomore year is a big year--you’re no longer a freshman and, if you switched schools for high school, you’re well-acclimated to the environment and to the increased workload that defines your high school academic experience. It also means that grades matter more (though do not get it twisted--they matter starting the first day of freshman year), your course difficulty is increasing, and you’re starting to think about testing. Because sophomore year tends to be a bit lighter (particularly first semester) in terms of test preparation, we are fans of taking advantage of this “free” time and using it to begin to check things off of your college list as early as possible. We encourage our clients to begin touring colleges starting sophomore year as opposed to waiting until junior year, for three key reasons. Gathering data early is goodA lot of parents ask us: where should we tour our first school? Our answer: anywhere. The reason we aren’t particularly choosy about where yo u begin your college visits is because the moment you set foot on campus you’ll begin to form opinions on likes and dislikes about the campus (read about how to arrange college visits here). These are data points. We encourage all of our students to create spreadsheets to record their thoughts on each and every visit, along with when they visited, who they spoke to, and their contact information (we are huge believers in post-visit thank you notes). We often tell students that discussing and fleshing out what you don’t like about a school or campus is much more useful than focusing on what you do like. Dislikes eliminate schools by the hundred, which is helpful when there are thousands of schools to choose from and we need to narrow it down to 8-12. For example, if you loved the film department at UCLA but hated the size and the city noise that is helpful to know--that means that you’ll probably do best at small-medium sized schools in less urban areas. We can course-correct g oing forward. It’s more difficult to course-correct junior year because we have limited time. Make sure that you take note of everything you learned, liked, and disliked after every visit. You’ll want to be able to flip back and remember this stuff next year when you’re thinking about where you apply.  Maximizing quantity now means quality visits junior yearDoing the quantity-based work (visiting as many colleges as possible) during sophomore year means that we can take that data and channel it into a series of high-quality visits to schools where we think you’d thrive during your junior year. If you wait until junior year to tour, you could spend a weekend visiting schools that are not your vibe. In contrast, if you do the time-consuming work upfront (and visit a range of schools), we can more accurately narrow your junior year college visit list to schools that we think you’ll have a high likelihood of falling in love with. Additionally, you’re going to have less time junior year to take a carefree wintertime trip--between classes, studying for the ACT/SAT, balancing your leadership roles in your various extracurricular activities, and your internship, you’re booked. And you’re stressed, which isn’t a great time to be daydreaming and thinking about if you want to go to school near the mountains, near the beach, or in the middle of the city.Visiting sophomore year shows consistent and early demonstrated interestSchools track your participation and engagement with the school starting, well, the moment you first engage with them. For example, if Northwestern sees that you visited sophomore year, initiated engagement with your regional admissions representative and tour guide after the visit, and then attended two of their boots at college fairs junior year, that’s going to work in your favor! They know you’re interested and they love consistency over time.  We know that starting from 0 can be overwhelming, particularly with so many schoo ls to choose from. If you need help figuring out where to start, call or email us. We’d be happy to help guide you or even put together an itinerary for you.

Summary Final Exam India - 3992 Words

Corinne Olinger Final Exam-India Summary recommendations- As your advisor setting up your first international business expansion, a summary report is in order. By choosing to expand in the East, I can tell you that India’s ancient civilization has provided a large foundation of knowledge in a society that has created intellectual capital and has an advantage over some other countries by being familiar with the English language after their occupation by the British Empire for a hundred years. India is now synonymous with Information Technology (IT). Its software developers and IT products/services are second only to the United States. There are more than 250 multinationals that are invested in India thus far. The reasons for investing are†¦show more content†¦If it is going to take 30 to 39 months to build, and we need more than 120 licenses from different agencies, I would advise that we begin as soon as possible. India (for the time being) appears to be a prime choice for a new hotel venture and I recommend that we expand into this new market and see if we can’t give the â€Å"Taj† a run for its money. How soon can we hire the Director of Sales and Marketing? That should be our first call. Porter’s Diamond analysis- The previous, depressing view of India has changed over the last two decades. India has gone from having a population said to be an overwhelming burden to being viewed as a vast source of human capital of 1.2 billion. India has large reserves of coal and many resources they can now produce; however, they are heavily dependent on imports due to their lack of natural gas supply and oil. Because of their human resources and their use of the English language, India has everything they need for a knowledge-based economy. Conditions of demand- The more demands the customers in India’s economy make, the greater the pressure will be facing India to constantly upgrade its competitiveness via innovation, not to mention the unrelenting pressure to improve its quality. More than 250 multinationals have been attracted to the world’s 12th largest economy to set up researchShow MoreRelatedCompulsory Rotatory Internship Programme ( Crip ) And The Preferred Post Graduate Specialities Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesLong working hours and stressful working environment along with the immense pressure of impending PG entrance exam hinder the affectivity of the Compulsory Rotatory Internship Programme (CRIP). Our study is an attempt to find the views regarding Compulsory Rotatory Internship Programme (CRIP) and the preferred post graduate specialities among interns from NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Nagpur. 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The Food Industry From The 20th Century - 1674 Words

The Food Industry from the 20th to the 21st Century Throughout human history, there have always been people who step up to make a change in our world. When people encounter something they don’t like they want to change it. The author of The Jungle and the producers of Food, Inc. are no exception. During the early 20th century the meat packing industry was a filthy and cruel business. Cruel to both the people that worked in the factories and the animals that were killed there. The industry has changed a lot since then but the production of food has become a much more industrial and engineered process that has completely taken nature out of the equation. People like Upton Sinclair and the producers of Food, Inc. wanted to disclose the ugly truth behind our food so it could be changed for the wellness of the whole United States. Both The Jungle and Food, Inc. set out to reveal the food industry and they have changed what people know ever since. 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The Political Ideologies Of Bakunin s Bolshevism And...

The political ideologies of Bakunin’s Anarchism, Lenin’s Bolshevism and Hayek’s Neoliberalism all offer a critique of the state. Upon comparing and contrasting these ideologies a surprising similarity, as well as several differences reveal themselves. The lone similarity of the political philosophies of Bakunin, Lenin and Hayek is that the capitalist state is the protector and enforcer of property rights. Agreement between the three ends there as they all diverge on the issue of whether the state taking an active role in enforcing society’s property relations is justifiable or oppressive. Furthermore, they all offer contrasting definitions of the state and its’ functions. Another difference is what alterations should be made to the state for a better society and how changes can be enforced. Bakunin advocates for no state; Lenin advises eliminating the capitalist state and temporarily replacing it with a socialist state to usher in communism before h aving no state; Hayek promotes the idea that the state is a necessary evil that is always gradually evolving and attempting to better suit society. Hindsight into the shortcomings associated with Bakunin’s and Lenin’s ideologies, and the logic he applies in discussing the state as a necessary component of any functioning society make Hayek’s Neoliberalism the most practical political ideology. Bakunin, Lenin and Hayek all agree that the state offers a protective shield over capitalism to allow the economy to perpetuate itself.

Bioterrorism Essay Research Paper You wake up free essay sample

Bioterrorism Essay, Research Paper You wake up early for work and snog your household adieu. On your day-to-day theodolite you see a adult male bead a glass phial in the metro, but you think nil of it. Moments subsequently you become a statistic. A statistic of Bioterrorism. The menace of Bioterrorism, long ignored and denied, has heightened over the past old ages and demands to be publically addressed. There are three possible solutions to this menace that are within appreciations. The first of which would be a state broad inoculation against all agents that could be used against the American populace. Second, we could educate people to more expeditiously spot the symptoms of such an act, or to protect themselves from an act that has already taken topographic point. The last solution would be to forestall the act from happening, observe it every bit shortly as it occurs, and destruct the destructive pathogen used. Even with all of these solutions, an act of Bioterrorism is an major menace to the united provinces that could happen undetected and must be dealt with instantly in order to salvage lives. Biological warfare has been used from the corpses poisoning H2O supplies, to modern engineering leting weaponries, and advanced deployment of biological arms. Both states, and heretical groups exist that have some of the most unsafe, and lifelessly pathogens, along with the ability to deploy them. Bioterrorism presents a menace to all people of the universe, and will ever stay a menace for three chief grounds. One, it is really easy for anyone to obtain samples of harmful agents, such as splenic fever or little syphiliss. Two, An act of this terrorist act could happen at any clip, any topographic point, and there would be no reaction for yearss or hebdomads. And 3rd, many of the agents that can be used in such Acts of the Apostless have no interventions, allow alone remedies. If a group, or state had support and a moderate research lab they could bring forth, and deploy some of the universes deadliest pathogens undetected. For illustration, in 1995, the Nipponese cult, Aum Shinrikyo, released the nervus gas Sarnin in the Tokyo metro. The cult besides had other programs set up. In its arsenal constabulary found big measures of food media, Botulium civilization, splenic fever civilizations, and drone aircraft equipped with spray armored combat vehicles. Members of this group hold even traveled to Zaire in 1992 to obtain samples of the Ebola virus. Terrorist groups exist today that have a big measure of diseases, chemicals, and viruses to take from. Information on how to civilization and obtain such things is available on the Internet. Deadlier samples of such viruses, as little syphilis, and even Ebola, may be merely at the fingertips of major terrorist groups. After the cold war a Russian Bioweapons installation, Vector, became a high concern. Before the cold war, vector was a 4000 individual, 30 edifice installation with an ample Biosaftey degree 4 research lab. The research lab housed the little syphilis virus, every bit good as work on the deathly Ebola virus, Marbug, and the hemorrhagic febrility viruses. Any point of view you look at it from disgruntled individual, terrorist cult, and Nation, Obtaining samples of these civilizations isn? t whether you want it, it when you want it. If a terrorist group did go on to obtain these arms, which is likely, utilizing it is even easier. If a individual were to drop a light bulb full of Anthrax spores in the New York subway, it could kill 1000s, to 100s of 1000s of people. The agents splenic fever, pestilence, undulant fever, little syphilis, viral phrenitis, and viral hemorrhagic febrilities are of peculiar concern. They are comparatively easy and cheap to bring forth, do decease or disenabling disease, and can be aerosolized and distributed over big geographic countries. These agents can be released in little sums, without anyone cognizing for yearss or hebdomads, and can infect 100s of 1000s of people and do many deceases. The most sever menace of Bioterrorism Is the fact that for many of the agents used, there are no interventions developed, and no remedies. We are badly prepared to get by with a terrorist onslaught that uses biological arms. In antagonistic terrorist act attempts, the focal point prevarications largely with chemical, or explosive arms. A chemical release or a major detonation is a batch more manageable than a biological onslaught posed by Anthrax, or little syphilis. After an detonation or a chemical onslaught, the worst effects are over rapidly. The extent of the harm can be assessed, deceases and hurts tolled, and attempts to reconstruct and retrieve can acquire underway. With the usage of little syphilis or Anthrax, twenty-four hours after twenty-four hours, extra instances could be expected, and in new countries . Finding ways to efficaciously contend back against Bioterrorism is hard. The foremost feasible solution would be a state broad inoculation against the most likely agents to be used in Bioweapons. If such a run were to take topographic point so incidents affecting pathogens against which people were immune to would, evidently, have no consequence on the economic system. This would be the chief intent for our State to use a inoculation program. However, there are several drawbacks to this program. First of wholly, if our state were to arouse this scheme it would take a mass attempt to do all of the vaccinums, make up ones mind which 1s were deserving giving, and acquiring the stuffs, and specializers to do the vaccinums. Having several vaccinums for every US citizen would be about impossible, and cost revenue enhancement remunerators a big sum of money. Besides, cults, or Ns ations would invariably be bring forthing new, or mutated strains that we would hold to develop vaccinums to. we would be in a changeless game of catch-up. Relentlessly seeking to calculate out with what would come up following. Many physicians today haven? t even seen a instance of splenic fever or little syphilis, and even if they did, it is improbable they would be able to expeditiously diagnose the symptoms. This job needs to be fixed. Establishing a program to educate physicians, nurses, police officer, and firemen. If a scenario occurred affecting the eruption of little syphilis on US dirt, it? s about certain that the act would travel unnoticed until a characteristic roseola appeared on the victims 9 to 10 yearss subsequently. Most of the physicians present wouldn? T be able to name the symptoms, and it would be several more yearss until the diagnosing was confirmed. By that clip, the virus would hold been passed to countless other victims, it would be to late. The ability to adequately educate people to quickly respond to an act could be the difference between a 100 deceases, to 100s of 1000s of deceases. If exigency room physicians were taught the symptoms of such instances so it would be more likely to be caught before. If firemans, and police officer were taught to acknowledge an act at the scene, so it could be stopped even earlier, forestalling even more human loss. Anyway you expression at it, The early sensing of an act of Bioterrorism will salvage lives. The last solution would be to forestall, observe, and destroy . This is a combination of many thoughts I presented earlier. This combination would include inoculation, instruction, and response. Because military, physicians, constabulary, and firemen are all critical to a metropolis, they would be given vaccinums to the few most likely pathogens to be used. This act would set a safety cyberspace around the maps of any metropolis, without seting strenuous strain on the economic system. The 2nd portion, instruction, would affect all of the stairss I described before. This would assist us observe the happening of an outbreak rapidly in order to make the 3rd portion, destroy. This measure is really critical, and of import. After we have determined that there was an eruption, so we must move every bit rapidly as possible to quarantine, and destruct the harmful agent. In order to carry through this we necessitate a excess of vaccinums for civilian distribution. A web of research labs capable of the demand in an eruption, and a far better group of trained epidemiologists, clinicians, and research workers. This solution would allow us forestall an act from happening, Detect it rapidly, and them nullify the harmful agent as shortly as possible. In my sentiment, the best manner to contend Bioterrorism would be to prevent, detect, and destroy . Traveling into deepnesss on this subject, we can see that it provides us with two lines of defence, the prevent, and the destroy. However, the detect is critical portion of this program. Prevention has two significances behind it. It implies that we prevent an incident from happening all together. but it could besides intend that we would non be effected by the pathogen used against us. The chief thing to make is forestall a terrorist act from happening is to extremely modulate the usage of harmful agents. Restricting who, and how much could hold deathly diseases, where it goes, and what it? s used for. Merely allowing high category viruses such as Ebola into high degree security research labs. If this were to take topographic point, people of menace would hold a more hard clip obtaining these civilizations. The 2nd thing to make would be educating police officer to topographic point Acts of the Apostless at the scene of the offense. This would let us to restrict the eruption to a little country earlier, and have a much easier clip destructing it. Besides educating our physicians to acknowledge instances before would maintain the casualties down. Prevention of a Bioweapons act is the chief end, but if it fails we must hold a backup program. Once it has been determined that a biological arm has been used, restricting the country of the happening is critical, this prevents the virus from distributing. No 1 in the confined country should be allowed to go forth, and people come ining must be protected with proper equipment. In order to assist efficaciously make this we need to set up a local, regional, and national disease control system. The local system would be responsible to place the specific virus, and find the quarantine country. Once this has been done, the regional squad would come in and implement the quarantine country, and besides get down a criterion intervention for those patients. Once this has been done, the national squad would start to find a more specific intervention, and effort to develop a remedy. If no remedy can be found, so the country shall be destroyed by any agencies necessary to extinguish the harmful agent, and keep safety. If an eruption did occur, so we shall make whatever it takes to minimise human life, without the cost of many. Bioterrorism represents a clear and present danger to the united provinces. Out of All the solutions I gave, if nil is done, so it is non if an act will occur, but when it will happen. Bioterrorism has already happened, and will continue to until we do something about it. In order to make about it we must incite a program of state broad inoculation, instruction, or prevent detect destroy. If nil is done, so one twenty-four hours on your manner to work you could go a statistic, a statistic of Bioterrorism.

Abortion Essays (1599 words) - Abortion, Abortion Debate

Abortion An Editorial Essay For The Illegalization Of Abortion Many have pondered upon the meaning of abortion. The argument being that every child born should be wanted, and others who believe that every child conceived should be born (Sass vii). This has been a controversial topic for years. Many people want to be able to decide the destiny of others. Everyone in the United States is covered under the United States constitution, and under the 14th Amendment women have been given the choice of abortion. In 1973, Harry A. Blackmun wrote the majority opinion that it's a women's right to have an abortion. Roe v. Wade legalized abortion. Even though these people have been given the right, the case is not closed. Pro-life activists carry a strong argument, and continue to push their beliefs. They feel so strongly about these beliefs that violence has broken out in some known instances. Pro-choice activists, on the other hand, also carry very strong points. They believe that the child inside them is their property and it's life doesn't be until birth. In 1973, the United States Supreme Court decided that as long as the baby lived in the womb, he or she would be the property of the mother. Because of this decision almost every third baby conceived in America is killed by abortion, over one and a half million babies a year (Willke vii). Many countries have followed our decision on the abortion issue and some of these include Canada, England, and France. Other countries still believe abortion should be illegal, they include Germany, Ireland, and New Zealand. Although many believe that abortion is a women's choice, abortion should be banned because its immoral and life begins at conception. Abortion is the choice of a women whether or not she want's to receive one. Under the 14th Amendment's personal liberty women are given the right to receive an abortion. The 14th Amendment's concept of personal liberty and restrictions on state action is enough to allow a women's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy. The right to choose to have an abortion is so personal and essential to women's lives that without this right women cannot exercise other fundamental rights and liberties guaranteed by the Constitution (Paltrow 72). The state can't interfere in the private lives of a citizen. Without the right to choose an abortion the 14th Amendment's guarantee of liberty has little meaning for women. With the right to choose abortion, women are able to enjoy, like men, the rights to fully use the powers of their minds and bodies (Paltrow 73). A man can withdraw from a relationship as soon as he finds out about a pregnancy. There is no question of his involve t after that, he has made his choice. It is only fair to say that women should be given the same choice. If one doesn't want to hold the responsibilities of a child than she should be able to have the choice of abortion in her options. Because contraceptives fail, and because they are not always available or possible to use, abortion is necessary if people are to be able to determine whether and when to bear or beget a child(Paltrow 72). Couples choose the alternative of abortion so they can start or expand their families when they feel most ready and able to care for them. Women choose to have an abortion because pregnancy and childbirth can prevent them from keeping their jobs, from feeding their families, and from serving others in ways they consider necessary and appropriate. Pregnancy and child birth may determine whether a women ever gets to start or complete her education, which will significantly influence her ability to support herself and her family. The availabilit y of abortion makes it possible for people not only to choose the number of children they want, but also to create the kind of family life they have always wanted for themselves, to meet their responsibilities. If a women cannot choose to terminate an unwanted pregnancy, she is denied the right to the possession and control of her own body. One of the most sacred rights of common law is to choose and if a women can't do this than their most important possession is taken away. Abortion isn't only a women's right, it's a women's choice. However, allowing abortion to be legal is immoral. A pre- born child is given the status of a product of pregnancy and never seen as the miracle only a women can create. Compassion for the small one is drowned out under a demand for rights, but what about the rights for

JOB DESCRIPTION Essay

JOB DESCRIPTION Essay JOB DESCRIPTION Essay Local residents with small businesses near Cadbury’s World would benefit from the money that is being brought in by visitors.QUALITATIVE RESEARCH This involves being concerned with finding ‘soft’ information, i.e. Customer attitudes, beliefs and opinions. Its purpose is to understand customer behaviour by identifying possible reasons or causes. The techniques Cadburys use to gather qualitative data are those more likely to encourage more detailed responses from those being interviewed as well as focus groups. Cadburys will use qualitative data in circumstances when customer’s answers cannot be recorded into statistics, meaning interviews and focus groups are the best way to collect this sort of data. SITUATION ANALYSIS Cadbury is the market leader in the Indian market. Cadbury is the fourth largest supplier of chocolate and other sugar confectionaries in the market. In India it has the largest share of the market with more than 70 percent of the market share. The following is the SWOT analysis for the company: Strengths The company has an already large established business in the Indian market. Since 1824, the company has established itself as a world leader in the confectionary market. It has operated in India since 1948. In India it has about 70% of the confectionary market. In line with its vision, the company has been striving to be the world leader in the confectionary industry. Through innovation and strategic marketing, the company has acquired about 10% of the world confectionary market. The company has good market reputation. With strong brands in the market, the company is well positioned in the market. It is totally focused on chocolate, candy, chewing gum, unique understanding of consumer in these segments. In the Indian market Cadburys has strived to build a good market reputation. This has worked positively for its products. It is on this good reputation that the market can embark on introducing the new brand in the market. Cadbury India was ranked the 5th most respected Indian company by Business world magazine in 2007. The target market is also quite large. With the female population marketing more than 56 percent of the Indian population, there is a wide target market for the product. The Indian chocolate market has been recording growth in the recent past and there are future prospects of growth. Therefore the target market is slowly expanding. Cadbury is a company, which is reputed internationally as the topmost chocolate provider in the world Cadbury is the largest global confectionery supplier, with 9.9% of global market share. The brand is well known to people and they can easily identify it from others, by its distinctive branding, this separates it from any other competitor as it stands out within the market. The iconic purple branding of Cadbury’s is on many of the products, this will ensure all customers know that each of their products is Cadbury’s. If users have a positive perception of existing products, it’s likely that they will assume all products have similar quality; this will benefit Cadburys as they are known to have high quality products. High financial strength (Sales turnover 1997, Â £7971.4 million and 9.4%) The products that Cadbury sell are convenient to customers as it can be thought as a quick and easy snack, which does not need cooking or heating. This attracts customers as it can be an easy option and a good alternative to a meal. Weakness The target population is quiet large and there are fears the demand for the product may outdo the capacity of the company to satisfy the demands of the market. It is still not clearly established the rate of growth of the product in the market but there are expectation that the product will record a high growth rate. This means that the company will need to increase its production capacity in order to match the rate of growth of the market The company has not been able to establish a distribution network

Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 20

Reflection Paper - Essay Example Art is not something which stays stable but it evolves through time by being influence by everything. Technology is changing drastically over the years due to which art has successfully evolved into a whole new different vision. Now paintings are not just considered to be some creative and modernized images but are also created by the painters by taking the help of modern equipment and material. Though art has been there from the beginning as evidenced by the vestiges of the past but still the technology has made the use of new equipment possible and has provided it a whole new medium. The option of digital art allows people to work with images and colors and create masterpieces, without even having professional training. Other technological changes that have occurred in art during the last few decades include invention of colors spectrum, photography, computer manipulated photography, digital media, etc. (Souppouris, 2014). Graphic designing has become easier for the artists and can be carried out through Photoshop and illustrators, which has opened up a whole new realm for them for concentrating i.e. Web Design. It has also developed a great opportunity for the amateur designers as they do not have to learn much about manual typography and screen printing. Digital art such as ArtRage, Painter and Photoshop allows people to paint without even using an actual brush. In a way this technology improves the painting skills of the individual, as it is faster than working with oil, the painting can be easily discarded and this is much easier than using canvas (Pitt, 2012). American culture has always been the supporter of art even during the depression decade; the Washington State was seen as the home of the national art history, hosting some of the most creative and innovative musical, theatre and performing art (Zimmermann, 2013). For example it was during the darkest days of the great depression when

MAT201 - Basic Statistics Speech or Presentation

MAT201 - Basic Statistics - Speech or Presentation Example I purposely chose the number of phone calls received and not phone calls made in order to avoid any possible bias, which might arise out of conscious and purposeful dialing of the phone. The observation collected was based on randomly taken data for 10 chosen days and the nature of this dataset is time series. The data was collected such that a single day’s call would not stimulate any received call for the following days. This was consciously done in order to avoid bias. Median value corresponds to observation=(n+1)/2, again if the number of observation is odd then we choose the middle value after arranging the observations in increasing order. Whereas if we have even number of observations as we have here, we take the mean of the two middle observations and it yields the median. The mean value of 13.7 calls (14 approx) is much more than what I expected. The busy schedule usually cuts down the number of phone calls to 10 per day. The average should have been somewhere around 10 or 11. The standard deviation is usually used to find the spread of the distribution of the available data set; here the number of phone calls in 10 days. It can also be said that it is a measure of variability. Square root of variance gives standard deviation. To find out whether the given data set follows normal distribution or not we plot the frequency as we may see that we do not get a symmetrical curve, so our inference is that the data do not follow Normal distribution. As it can be observed that the obtained frequency curve is not symmetrical, and hence we infer that the distribution is not Normal because the Normal distribution is a continuous distribution whereas the number of phone calls in 10 days is off course a discrete variable. Hence the most likely distribution that might be used is the Poisson distribution. Now we continue collecting the data on the number of phone calls for five more days. Our basic question in this context would be whether this changes the

Historical Roots Behind Refrigeration History Essay

Historical Roots Behind Refrigeration History Essay The refrigeration technology is an important technology in that it slows down the growth of bacteria. In doing this, it lowers the risks of diseases. This is because bacteria exist all around us including in the foods that we eat. When the bacteria are supplied with enough nutrients and favorable climatic conditions, they grow rapidly and hence can cause illnesses. Refrigeration technology comes in hardy to stop the rapid multiplication of the bacteria and this is a benefit to the society in that its chances of falling ill from Bacteria illnesses are reduced (Bauer, 1998) Historical roots behind refrigeration. The very first artificial refrigeration known was the demonstration presented at the University of Glasgow by William Cullen in 1748. This discovery however was not use for any practical purpose. The first refrigerator was designed by Oliver Evans, an American inventor in 1748. But the first practical refrigerator was built in 1834 by Jacob Perkins. This refrigerator used vapor in a vapor compression cycle. John Gorrie an American physician built a refrigerator in 1844 based on Evans design. This refrigerator was built with the aim of making ice to cool the air for the yellow fever patients that he was treating. Carl Von Linden, a German engineer patented, in 1976 the process of liquefying gas but not the refrigerator (Burstall, 65). Gas liquefaction is the basic part of refrigeration technology. The first refrigerators were made of wood cabinet and a compressor that was cooled with water. Steel and porcelain cabinets emerged in 1920s to replace the wooden refrigerators which were le ss effective. The evolutions of the refrigerators continue to improve in the 50s and 60s and they became better to suit the needs of the customers. Automatic ice makers and automatic defrost were added in the refrigerator with the aim of making them user friendly and reduce the maintenance. The modern day refrigeration technology is aimed at making the refrigerators more environments friendly (About.Com) The refrigeration process has not stopped evolving. The early refrigerators of 1800 used toxic gas like ammonia, methyl chloride and sulfur dioxide as the refrigerant. These were used up to 1929. In the 1920s, there are many fatal accidents which occurred. This was caused by the leaking of methyl chloride from the refrigerators. It was after this that 3 American corporations embarked on intensive research to come up with a less dangerous method of refrigeration. Their efforts led to the use of Freon which became a standard for all refrigerators. Freon was changed in 1996 and it was replaced with HFC 134a. This was done so as to comply with The Regulatory Clean Air Act. The replacement was done because HFC 134a was less injurious to the environment and the Ozone as compared to Freon. The effectiveness of HFC 134a was just the same as Freon and the users of refrigerators did not notice any difference. The table below shows the milestones achieved in the refrigeration technology. Milestones: BC 1000 The Chinese cut and stored ice 500  Ã‚   Egyptians and Indians made ice on cold nights by setting water out in earthenware pots AD 1700 In England, servants collected ice in the winter and put it into icehouses for use in the summer 1720 Dr. William Cullen, a Scotsman, studied the evaporation of liquids in a vacuum 1805 Oliver Evans of Pennsylvania, compressed ether machine, the machine is never built 1820 Michael Faraday, a Londoner, liquefied ammonia to cause cooling 1834 Jacob Perkins, ether vapor compression cycle, Ice Making Machine 1844 James Harrison of Australia invents compressed ether machine 1850 Edmond Carre of France, invents an absorption process machine 1852 William Thomson James Prescott cooling increases in proportion to the pressure difference 1855 Dr. John Gorrie builds compression refrigeration system based on Faradays experiments. 1856 James Harrison commissioned by a brewery to build a machine that cooled beer. 1859 Ferdinand Carre of France, developed the first ammonia/water refrigeration machine 1871 Carl von Linde of Germany published an essay on improved refrigeration techniques 1873 Carl von Linde first practical and portable compressor refrigeration machine was built in Munich 1874 Raoul Pictet of Switzerland, a compressor system using sulfur dioxide instead of ammonia 1876 Carl von Linde, early models he used methyl ether, but changed to an ammonia cycle 1878 von Linde starts Lindes Eismaschinen AG, (Society for Lindes Ice Machines), now Linde AG 1881 Edmund J. Copeland and Arnold H. Gross start Leonard Refrigerator Company 1894 Linde developed a new method (Linde technique) for the liquefaction of large quantities of air. 1894 Linde AG installs refrigerator at the Guinness brewery in Dublin, Ireland 1895 Carl von Linde produced large amounts of liquid air using the Thomson-Joule effect 1901 Patent # 665,814 issued January 10, for a Refridgeator (Ice Box) invented by Henry Trost. 1911 General Electric company unveiled a refrigerator invented by a French monk. Abbe Audiffren 1913 Fred W. Wolf Jr.of the Domelre Company (DOMestic Electric Refrigerator) 1914 Leonard Refrigerator Company renamed Electro-Automatic Refrigerating Company 1915 Alfred Mellowes starts Guardian Frigerato to build first self-container refrigerator for home use 1916 Servel models compressors were generally driven by motors located in the basement 1916 Henry Joy of Packard Motor Car Co. purchased the Fred W. Wolf refrigerator rights 1918 Guardian Frigerato purchased by General Motors and renamed Frigidaire 1918 Electro-Automatic Refrigerating Company renamed Kelvinator 1920 there were some 200 different refrigerator models on the market. 1922 Baltzar von Platen and Carl Munters introduce absorption process refrigerator 1923 Kelvinator held 80 percent of the market for electric refrigerators 1923 AB Arctic.begins production of refrigerators based on Platen-Munters invention 1925 Electrolux purchases AB Arctic and launches the D-fridge on the world market 1925 Steel and porcelain cabinets began appearing in the mid-20s 1927 first refrigerator to see widespread use was the General Electric Monitor-Top refrigerator. 1930 first built-in refrigerator is launched by Electrolux 1931 Dupont produced commercial quantities of R-12, trademarked as Freon 1931 the first air-cooled refrigerator introduced by Electrolux 1932 Gibson, then owned by Frank Gibson, manufactured its own line of refrigerators. 1934 an innovation, the Shelvador refrigerator, was introduced by the Crosley Radio Corporation 1936 Albert Henne synthesizes refrigerant R-134a 1937 more than 2 million Americans owned refrigerators. 1939 refrigerator with one section for frozen food and a second for chilled food, introduced by G. E. 1946 Mass production of modern refrigerators didnt get started until after World War II. 1947 GE two-door refrigerator-freezer combination 1955 80% of American homes now have refrigerators 2005 A domestic refrigerator is present in 99.5% of American homes   Table 1. Source: The Great Idea Finder Is refrigeration an old or a new technology. Refrigeration is an old technology that started a long time ago. Refrigeration concept can be said to originate from the prehistoric times. During this period, man found that the meat he had hunted lasted longer when stored in the cool areas of the cave or when packed in snow. The early man found that when he stored his game in cold temperatures, it lasted for long. He therefore hunted excess game which he kept in cold temperatures and he would eat this meat when the food was in short supply. As the early man progressed, he started using ice which he harvested in winter to use in summer. Ice was also harvested from lakes and rivers to be used for the purpose of refrigeration. Adding chemicals like sodium and potassium nitrate to water so as to lower its temperatures was the next stage in the history of refrigeration. It is recorded that this method was used to cool wine in 1550. The use of mechanical refrigeration started in the last quarter of the 19th century. This evolution was a long slow process (Trevor, 1978) Has refrigeration led to any type of social change? The refrigeration technology can be said to have a great impact to women in particular. This is because women are viewed as the domestic worker (Cowan, 137-138). Though this mentality has changed in the modern world, there is still the thought that the domestic world belongs to women. The refrigerators can be seen to symbolize the freedom of house wives. They have saved women from preserving foods in the old fashioned ways of salting, smoking or dehydrating. The air conditioning has contributed immensely to the development of the hot and humid areas both socially and economically. This has been achieved through creation of habitable environments with desired temperatures and humidity levels in office buildings and private homes (Barbara, 2003) Benefits of refrigeration to the society Refrigeration has changed the lifestyles of the society in various ways. One can buy food for a whole week without fear of it getting spoiled after refrigeration. Cooked food can also be stored for long without getting spoilt. Salting of food as a method of preservation is long forgotten. The food preserved using this method did not even last for a long time. One can also get a cold drink during the hottest summer and this seemed like a dream before refrigeration wad invented. Fruits, vegetables and even flowers can be kept fresh for a long period of time with refrigeration. The modern life is in the fast lane. This has called for most people to be working for long hours or working two jobs. In homes both partners may be busy for up to a whole week and hence no time for everyday cooking. With refrigeration, they can cook as much food as possible when they are free and storing it in refrigerators and they can eat it throughout the week. This saves them much time which could have been wasted ion cooking after work. With refrigeration, the temperature of the food is lowered and thus the food can be kept for long to be used later without getting spoiled (Shephard, 29) Refrigeration is also widely used for the purposes of air conditioning in homes, public buildings and restaurants. It is also used for refrigeration of foodstuffs in restaurants and also in large storage warehouses. Refrigerators have become very common in the United States. Most American homes started using refrigerators a long time ago. More than 80 % of the rural American and more than 90% of urban American homes used owned a refrigerator by the year 1950 (Historychannel.com) Refrigeration is also used commercially and in manufacturing industries. It is used to liquefy gases including oxygen, nitrogen, propane, and methane. It is used to compress and condense water vapor in compressed air purification. This process is aimed at reducing the moisture content of compressed air. In industries like petrochemical, refineries and chemical plants, refrigeration is important as it is used for the maintenance of certain chemical processes and reactions at low temperatures. An example is in the production of high octane gasoline component where the alkylations of butanes and butane is done at low temperatures (Noor, 2009) Refrigeration is therefore a vital technology in many sectors of the economy like the dairy industry, the meat industry, fish and pork industry and also in the fruits and vegetables sector. In the non food sectors, refrigeration is used in school laboratories to store chemicals, samples and cultures. It is also the technology that is used to preserver corpses in morgues. Detrimental effects of refrigeration to the society. The refrigerant used in refrigerators has a negative effect on the environment. Though the use of CFC has been banned, some manufactures may sell the old stocks of refrigerators which use CFC. These are detrimental to the ozone layer. The HFCs being used on modern refrigerators are strong green house gas emitters. Though they do not harm the ozone, they destroy the environment that we live-in. Refrigeration contributes to the global warming. Though HFCs were seen as the solution to refrigeration, it has a very high potential of global warming. This contribution is due to direct emissions of the refrigerant gases. Most of these emissions are due to leakage of the refrigerant into the environment either due to poor maintenance and containment. Freon was seen as been safer to the consumer though it had negative impacts on the environment. Clean Air Act was passed in 1990 and it restricted use of CFCs. Many industries had no other choice than to be forced to phase out CFCs in their produ cts (Gopalnarayanan, 19) Refrigeration as a symbol of growth. Refrigeration has allowed many families and industries to keep food fresh for long periods of time. It is a symbol of growth in that most families are small and they occupy a small piece of land and hence there is no space for keeping livestock and growing different varieties of fruits and vegetables. Also most modern families live in towns and cities where there are no gardens for growing fruits and vegetables or keeping animals. This does not therefore mean that because these families are limited by these factors, they cannot enjoy a varied and balanced diet. Supermarkets have stocked all types of me4at, eggs, vegetables and eggs in their refrigerated shelves. These customers come and buy the same and stock it in their refrigerators. The fish, poultry, dairy products and vegetables can be kept in the same space of the refrigerator within the kitchen. Refrigeration is an important symbol of growth and societal progress in that the society can enjoy a variety of salads, fruits and vegetables all year long without having and tilling their own garden. The society can also enjoy dairy products without having their own dairy animals, meat products without owning beef cattle, egg products without rearing their own poultry and all kinds of fish without having a fish pond all year round. Also other types of foods from far off countries are madder available to the society. These food products are shipped or delivered by air under refrigeration. Refrigeration allows purchase of goods in large scale and in bulk. With regard to economies of scale, this saves on money. It has become possible to enjoy ice cream which may have been produced from abroad unlike in the past where ice cream was eaten on the spot at the place of manufacture. Through refrigeration world trade has been opened up and refrigerated goods from one country can be easily market in another without the fear of spoilage. Refrigeration technology has acted as a source of employment to many people. The direct employees include the refrigeration experts, technicians; mechanics and installers. These are mainly people employed by air conditioning, plumbing and heating contractors and companies. Indirect employment involve people in other sectors e.g. in shops that sell the refrigeration equipments, dairy farmers, fishermen and fruits and vegetable farmers. How government institutions helped shape refrigeration. Government as a regulator- the government through the Environmental Protection Agency has set standards for monitoring and regulating refrigerant leaks. There are other regulations and strict standards that have been set by the government regarding green house emissions from the refrigerants. The government has identified CFCs, HCFCs, and PFCs as ozone depleting gases (ODS) and also global warming gases and has therefore prohibited their use as refrigerants. These are the gases commonly used for HVAC and in AC units. Many US states have increased the demand for a detailed refrigerant reporting requirement (Stouffer, 1998). Government as consumer- many government buildings, both central and federal government, is installed with air conditioners, refrigerators and other heating and cooling systems that use the refrigeration technology. Also government hospitals and other governmental organizations are installed with refrigeration systems. This is evident that the government is a major consumer of the refrigeration technology. Is refrigeration an example of deterministic technology or socially constructed technology. In my opinion, refrigeration is a socially constructed technology. Refrigeration does not determine the human actions but rather it is the human actions that have shaped refrigeration. The need for fresh products has resulted into the invention of the refrigeration technology. Human beings actions are such that they are very busy either in work places or in school and hence have no time to cook fresh foods every day. This has led to the development of the refrigeration technology. With its development, the human beings are now able to cook more food whenever they are free which they can refrigerate and eat them for a long period of time. Abstract Refrigeration can be said to the process of heat removal from substances. It is done with the aim of lowering the temperature of the substance and maintaining that low temperature. Refrigeration in food is done to reduce the risk of bacteria survival. Bacteria are responsible for most of the illnesses. The technology of refrigeration can be said to have started a long time ago. Its evolution is still continuing as we seek to find the best refrigerant that can be safe to us and to our environment. Refrigeration has been associated with a lot of benefits in our homes and in the society at large. Many homes in the United States are now equipped with a refrigerator. Important words used :refrigerator, fridge, fridgerator, refrigeration, Carl Linde, Carl von Linde, William Cullen, Oliver Evans, Fred Wolf, Linde, William Thomson, Lord Kelvin, James Prescott Joule,   invention, history, inventor of, history of, who invented, invention of, CFC, HCFC, ODS,AC, HAVC.

Becoming The Third Dimension: Cubism In In The Skin Of A Lion :: essays research papers fc

Becoming the Third Dimension Images splatter against the viewer's face like a moth on the windshield when gazing at the pigmented speckles dappled along the textured canvas hanging on the wall in the local gallery. Examining the seemingly incomplete picture before them, the viewer may inquire as to the perception of the painted figure from various angles as opposed to the solitary linear image presented by the artist. Mona Lisa's intriguing smile may birth more questions if the art critic could view it from a profile, or the back of her head, or even from the underside of the canvas as a whole. Although a picture may say a thousand words, a panoramic view of the same subject would utter a hundred thousand more. Realizing the human desire to know and understand what they witness in full, artists such as Pablo Picasso began a style known as cubism between 1907 and 1914. Cubism acknowledges the idea that objects (and perhaps ideas?) are three-dimensional and should therefore be expressed as that. The cubist theory drives itself into the minds of artists of numerous mediums including literature. But in bringing a prismatic feel to a two-dimensional topic, the audience is bombarded with more questions than answers given. This reader then is likely to draw a blank at the images forming in his mind as he pieces the angles together. By producing these multiple angles, whether it be in art or literature, the creator fails to emphasize any particular perspective and often leaves one of them open without explanation, that of the reader. Through its development in the literary cubism method, In the Skin of a Lion by Michael Ondaatje defies the reader's initial perception of a single story by trivializing the narrow linear view of the lead character and in turn completing the multidimensional view of the story by invoking the reader's own perspective. In composing this multidimensional story line, Ondaatje eradicates the reader's inclination to base the story off of the linear perspective of one character by delineating the main character's nugatory existence. Obliterating the linear perspective concept, the author allows the cubist conditions of portraying a three-dimensional story contrived from the perspectives of a multitude of characters to unfold. This destruction begins when he states, in reference to Patrick Lewis' homeland, that "He was born into a region which did not appear on a map until 1910, though his family had worked there for twenty years and the land had been homesteaded since 1816" (Ondaatje 10).

Comparing China with the West: What Hofstede taught us about Cultural Consequences Essay

The world today is a smaller place than it has ever been, thanks to the rapid and ongoing development of the global economy; we have become a borderless and cyber-connected community (Hofstede 2001; Kottak 2008; Mead, 2009). This has resulted in greater links and more and more interchanges between different nationalities. The ease at which we can physically communicate and travel has allowed for the free movement of goods and services across borders increasing trade and investment in foreign countries. International commerce, travel, migration and the media are the forces behind globalisation (Kottak, 2008; Craig and Douglas, 2006). Globalisation has a phenomenal effect on the business world; it opens up businesses to potential new markets, allowing them to increase their supply of consumers. Setting the stage for international collaboration (Hofstede, 2003) and while doing so, it is reshaping the global economic outlook (World Investment Report, 2005). In despite of this, Osland (1990) points out, that one of the barriers to international business success ‘Is the one erected by culture’ (p.4). Each civilization breeds its own social-political-economic systems. Essentially, each culture has its own method to conducting business. Such methods are intrinsically cultural bound. In order to understand how the different systems work one must first understand the values that underlie it. Thus, managers, employees, business partners and other corporate stakeholders must recognise that the methods they use, to make their decisions, solve their problems and deals with other people are all done by reflecting on their cultural backgrounds and perspectives (Mead, 2009; Mott, 2004; Hofstede, 2005). As acknowledged above, globalisation leads to problems in cross-cultural communication. We live in a world where a cultural competency is essential for global business profitability. Over the years there have been many studies conducted on culture. In the 1950’s Kroeber and Kluckhohn, where one of the first scholars to provide a theoretical framework for explaining culture as a system of integrated values they wanted to characterize differences between national cultures (Kroeber & Kluckhohn, 1963). Since then, many scholars have focused their attention on how national differences affect the decision-making practices of professionals and have produced some tangible guidelines for cross-cultural understanding (Hofstede, 1980; Adler & Graham, 1986; Black &  Mendenhall 1989; Trompenaars, 1994; Triandis, 1994; House et al, 2004). One of the first of these studies, and perhaps the one which has had widespread implications in helping scholars and professionals interested in cultures, is Hofstede’s Five Dimension model (5-D). Its primary innovation is to class national cultures along a number of dimensions. The underlying thesis in these studies is that there are nationally influenced differences in work placed values (Hofstede, 2001; 2005). This presented scholars with insight into the composition of national culture and according to Hofstede culture-focused research is becoming more prominent, and understanding culture is becoming increasingly vital (Hofstede, 1994). Even though, Hofstede was not the first study on cross-cultural research, his study succeeded in putting cross-cultural research at the forefront of international business research (Hofstede, 2001). It is considered valuable in international business and management and due to the growing interdependence among nations; the need for a better understanding of cultural influence on organisational practices has never been greater (House et al, 2004). A cross-cultural understanding is a prerequisite to an effective entry into an international market (Morder, 1999) as businesses operating in different cultures must maintain a multifaceted approach, developing appropriate skills and compromising the interacting cultures, adjusting their norms, practices and perspectives to work within another culture’s border (Morder, 1999; Selmer, 2009). There have been many documented cases of cultural incompetence, (Selmer, 1999; 2000; Hutchings, 2005), outlining how a lack of cultural competence can have devastating effects to the success of business ventures. Thus as we move to a more connected world some might expect a convergence on a cultural level, to match the significant business transactions that globalisation has inspired by the fact that trade, travel and education has helped facilitate the global economy (Scarborough, 1998). Nonetheless, one must concede that there remains a gulf between cultures created by the different nationalities in the world today. The roots of culture are so deep that they have produced highly divergent values systems, (Scarborough, 1998) and without reconciling these differences and working around them then there is no hope of successful business relationships between the ones cultural counterparts (Uniser & Lee, 2005). Through the literature, it is suggested that a  comparison be conducted between cultures helping to promote better working relationships (Torres and Jones, 2011; Tsang, 2011) The focus of this paper is the People’s Republic of China (PRC), as it is emerging as a particularly dominant player in the global economic market and the process of globalisation brings us in a global community China will play a central role in this. Thus, understanding it is of the greatest importance. Over the last three decades, China has positioned itself in the epicentre of the global market and the world is paying close attention to this new economic giant. (Detert et al, 2000; Scarborough 1998; Dent et al 2000) More references. Before this prosperous period began, China’s business environment and economic stability had been predominately controlled by the state. More recently, the country has seen a tremendous surge of economic success due to the relaxing of the state in relation to foreign direct investment (Euromonitor, 2012). Leading to the increase of the number of foreign business people working within China, resulting in an unprecedented growth in Sino-foreign joint ventures and wholly owned foreign firms (Selmer, 1999; Detert et al, 2000). Currently there is an opportunity for growth and prosperity in China, which seems endless and has attracted businesses and professionals to move to China to live and work. The country is now considered the ‘new hub’ in the international migration order (Pieke, 2011, 40). All this force in the Chinese Business environment has engendered much scholarly attention in exploring and understanding how the Chinese operate in a business manner, (Detert et al, 2000). Thus, those involved have become acutely aware of the great divide between the Chinese cultures and other cultures. The differences in the way one thinks, one’s beliefs and how one behaves (Scarborough, 1998). A basic understanding of the core component of China’s culture is particularly noteworthy given the magnitude of China as a trading partner to the rest of the world (Pieke, 2010). Until recently, China was viewed as a mysterious nation that was literally impenetrable (Lightfoot & Almeida, 2007), because they draw their culture from a distinctive, indigenous and philosophical cultural heritage, that dates back thousands of years consequently it is unlike any other economic giant in the global market (Rinder and Starbuck, 1997; Selmer, 2009). Thus, they can bewilder other nationalities that encounter them (Chen, 2001) because they do not identify with the Chinese practices and cultural traditions. It has  been suggested that from, a Western perspective, China can be considered ‘the most foreign of foreign places’ (Selmer, 2009, 42). Thus, in order to infiltrate this dynamic market, one must learn to accept and adapt to, the distinctive business culture that makes China unique (Bond, 1991). China China is the oldest empire in recorded history; it has a continuous recorded history of about 5000 years (Hofstede, 2005) and it is one of the world’s earliest and thus oldest civilisations. It is now one of the fastest growing and vibrant economies in the world, (Wang et al 2008) and the world is now paying close attention to this gigantic influential country. The People’s Republic of China (PRC) was founded on October 1st 1949. (National Bureau of Statistics, 2012a) Below are some facts about the enormous and enigmatic county. Bibliography Adler, N. J., Campbell, N. & Laurent, A. (1989) ‘In search of appropriate methodology: from outside the People’s Republic of China looking in’, Journal of International Business Studies, 20, 61-74 Bohlander, G. W., Snell, S., & Sherman, A. W. (2001), Managing Human Resources. (12th ed.), South West College Publications. Bond, M. H. (1991) ‘Chinese values and health: A cultural level examination’, Psychology and Health: An International Journal, 5, 137-152 Bond, M. and Hofstede, G. (1989) ‘The cash value of Confucian values’, Human System Management, 8, 195-200. Black, J.S. and Mendenhall, M. (1989), ‘A practical but theory-based framework for selecting cross-cultural training methods’, Human Resource Management, 28(4), 511-39. Bratton, J., Sawschuk, P., Forshaw, C., Callinan, M. & Corbertt, M. (2010) Work and Organisational Behaviour, New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Brown, A. (1998) Organisational Culture, 2ed., London: Pitman Publishing. Cardon, W. P. (2009) ‘A model of face practices in Chinese business culture: Implication for Westerners’. Thunderbird International Business Review 51, 19-36. Chen, M. J. (2001), Inside Chinese Business: A Guide for Managers Worldwide, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press China National Tourist Office (2012a) ‘About China’, [online], available: http://www.cnto.org/aboutchina.asp [accessed 8th August 2012]. China National Tourist Office (2012b) ‘Foreign Arrivals by Purpose: Jan/Dec 2010’, [online], available: http://www.cnto.org/chinastats_2010ArrivalsB yPurpose.asp [accessed 8th August 2012]. Chinese Culture Connection (1987), ’Chinese values and the search for culture-free dimensions of culture’, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 18, 143-64. Child, J. (2009) ‘China and International Business’ in Alan, M. 2nd ed., The Oxford Handbook of International Business Oxford

Marijuana Mysteries 5 Things We Still Don t Know About...

Marijuana mysteries: 5 things we still don’t know about cannabis and how it could affect our bodies Let’s be blunt – marijuana is a hot topic in today’s political atmosphere. With more and more states legalizing it for medicinal and recreational use, the drug will likely appear on the ballot come November. Yet, despite being historically popular – the most widely used recreational drug in the world behind alcohol and tobacco – we don’t know much about this notorious plant. Marijuana remains a mysterious substance whose effects – both risky and beneficial – are widely debated. So what do we know about marijuana, and what are we yet to find out? The history of hemp The cannabis plant was used as far back as 12,000 years ago, with†¦show more content†¦In 1996, California became the first state to legalize marijuana for medicinal use. Now 23 states and the District of Columbia allow cannabis to be sold for medicinal purposes. In 2013, Colorado and Washington became the first states to legalize recreational marijuana, with Alaska, Oregon and the District of Columbia doing the same in 2014. Regulation in these states mandates that a limited amount of marijuana (usually up to an ounce at a time) can be sold to individuals over the age of 21. However, most cannabis products are not tested for potency or toxicology before going on the market. Due to the long history of prohibition, few controlled tests have been conducted on marijuana to determine its purity, safety and efficacy. So if you were to buy an ounce of marijuana at a vendor in Colorado, you may not be able to answer questions like: 1) What’s in this stuff? A bag of marijuana you buy at your local store in Colorado may look perfectly pure, but chances are, it’s not. Because unregulated cannabis is not scientifically tested before it is sold, the drug could be laced with pesticides, other more dangerous drugs, poisons or allergens. Unregulated, untested substances can cause a host of serious health problems in an individual, ranging from allergic reactions to overdose. 2) Can it hurt me? For years, marijuana legalization